Capabilities of GPT-4 on Medical Challenge Problems

Will your next doctor be a courtesy of Microsoft and OpenAI?

Will your next doctor appointment be with a robot? Don't hold your breath yet! However, within the next five years this could become a distinct possibility at least for the first round of examination of a new patient or as a doctor assistant.

"... The study show GPT-4 exceeds on US Medical Licensing Exam by 20+ points. It is unable to find evidence of training data memorization. It outperforms LLMs [Large Language Models] fine-tuned on medical data. ..."

From the abstract:

"Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding and generation across various domains, including medicine. We present a comprehensive evaluation of GPT-4, a state-of-the-art LLM, on medical competency examinations and benchmark datasets. GPT-4 is a general-purpose model that is not specialized for medical problems through training or engineered to solve clinical tasks. Our analysis covers two sets of official practice materials for the USMLE, a three-step examination program used to assess clinical competency and grant licensure in the United States. We also evaluate performance on the MultiMedQA suite of benchmark datasets. ... Our results show that GPT-4, without any specialized prompt crafting, exceeds the passing score on USMLE by over 20 points and outperforms earlier general-purpose models (GPT-3.5) as well as models specifically fine-tuned on medical knowledge (Med-PaLM, a prompt-tuned version of Flan-PaLM 540B). In addition, GPT-4 is significantly better calibrated than GPT-3.5, demonstrating a much-improved ability to predict the likelihood that its answers are correct. We also explore the behavior of the model qualitatively through a case study that shows the ability of GPT-4 to explain medical reasoning, personalize explanations to students, and interactively craft new counterfactual scenarios around a medical case. Implications of the findings are discussed for potential uses of GPT-4 in medical education, assessment, and clinical practice, with appropriate attention to challenges of accuracy and safety."

[2303.13375] Capabilities of GPT-4 on Medical Challenge Problems (open access, preprint)

Credits: Marktechpost AI Newsletter