Ein Schweizer Unternehmer findet Fälschungen seines Garns auf Temu

«In China kopiert man Rolex oder Louis Vuitton – und jetzt Lang Yarns»

Jakob Lang verkauft Handstrickgarne in sechster Generation. Kann er den chinesischen E-Commerce überleben? Quelle

Switzerland to Vote in referendum on Capping Population at 10 Million with Palki Sharma

Palki's arguments are screwed up in more than one way! Switzerland is a small, wealth country. Thus a 10 million population limit is not a bad idea! No the population will not shrink! Switzerland is too attractive!

I think, Palki is not familiar with robots who will assist an aging population!

(256) Switzerland to Vote on Capping Population at 10 Million | Vantage with Palki Sharma - YouTube

Yodelling taken to new heights: Swiss folk singing adapts to modern era

Very recommendable! Time for more yodeling has come! 😊

(236) Yodelling taken to new heights: Swiss folk singing adapts to modern era • FRANCE 24 English - YouTube

X-ray four-wave mixing captures elusive electron interactions inside atoms and molecules

Amazing stuff!

"Scientists at the X-ray free-electron laser SwissFEL have realized a long-pursued experimental goal in physics: to show how electrons dance together. The technique, known as X-ray four-wave mixing, opens a new way to see how energy and information flow within atoms and molecules. In the future, it could illuminate how quantum information is stored and lost, eventually aiding the design of more error-tolerant quantum devices. ..."

"... In many quantum technologies – not least quantum computing – information is stored in delicate patterns of these interactions, known as coherences. When these coherences are lost, information disappears – a process known as decoherence. Learning how to understand and ultimately control such fleeting states is one of the major challenges facing quantum technologies today. ...

Scientists  ... have now developed a way to access them using a technique known as X-ray four-wave mixing. ...

Conceptually, X-ray four-wave mixing is similar to nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), which today is used daily in hospitals for MRI scans. Both techniques use multiple pulses to create and read out coherences in matter.  ...

X-rays bring this same kind of powerful approach to a smaller scale and allow us to step into the world of the electrons. “Whereas other approaches tell us about how atoms or molecules as a whole interact with each other or with their surroundings, with X-rays we can zoom right in to the electrons,” ..."

From the abstract:

"Coherent nonlinear light–matter interaction with X-rays gives access to a regime in ultrafast spectroscopy in which atomic resolution meets femtosecond and attosecond timescales.

Particularly, X-ray four-wave mixing, involving several resonant transitions in a single coherent nonlinear process, has the potential to provide information on the electronic states coupling, coherent electron motion, correlation and dynamics, with state and site selectivity.

Here we demonstrate coherent, background-free four-photon interactions with core-shell electrons using single broadband X-ray pulses from a free-electron laser. The all-X-ray four-wave mixing signals, measured in gaseous neon, arise from doubly resonant nonlinear processes involving Raman transitions, including X-ray coherent anti-Stokes electronic Raman scattering.

The 2D spectral maps (photon-in/photon-out) represent a step towards multidimensional correlation spectroscopy at the atomic scale.

Using a multicolour time-delayed X-ray pulse scheme, we further demonstrate the feasibility of extending the proposed methodology to the ultrafast time domain. These results reveal potential for studying localized electron dynamics in multiple systems, from biomolecules to correlated quantum materials, with applications in areas such as energy conversion, biomedical imaging and quantum information technologies."

X-ray four-wave mixing captures elusive electron interactions inside atoms and molecules

Swiss X-ray laser reveals the hidden dance of electrons (original news release) "Scientists at the X-ray free-electron laser SwissFEL have realised a long-pursued experimental goal in physics: to show how electrons dance together. The technique, known as X-ray four-wave mixing, opens a new way to see how energy and information flow within atoms and molecules. In the future, it could illuminate how quantum information is stored and lost, eventually aiding the design of more error-tolerant quantum devices. The findings are reported in Nature."

Coherent nonlinear X-ray four-photon interaction with core-shell electrons (no public access)

Coherent all X-ray four wave mixing at core shell resonances (preprint, open access)

Figure 1:Scheme of the experimental setup and spatial characterization of the XFWM signal

Shining laser light on a two-dimensional material produces subtle changes in its magnetic properties

Amazing stuff!

"Researchers in Switzerland have found an unexpected new use for an optical technique commonly used in silicon chip manufacturing. By shining a focused laser beam onto a sample of material, a team at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) and ETH Zürich showed that it was possible to change the material’s magnetic properties on a scale of nanometres – essentially “writing” these magnetic properties into the sample in the same way as photolithography etches patterns onto wafers. The discovery could have applications for novel forms of computer memory as well as fundamental research. ..."

From the abstract:

"Across the fields of magnetism, microelectronics, optics, and others, engineered local variations in material properties can yield groundbreaking functionalities that play a crucial role in enabling future technologies.

One-dimensional lateral gradients in material properties give rise to a plethora of new effects in thin-film magnetic systems. However, extending such gradient-induced behaviors to two dimensions has been challenging to realize experimentally.

Here, we demonstrate the creation of two-dimensional complex patterns with continuous variations in magnetic anisotropy, interlayer exchange coupling, and ferrimagnetic compensation at the mesoscopic scale in numerous application-relevant magnetic materials. We exploit our engineered gradients in material properties to demonstrate novel magnetic functionalities, including the creation of a spin wave band pass filter and an architecture for passively resetting the position of a magnetic domain wall.

Our results highlight the exciting new physics and device applications enabled by two-dimensional gradients in thin film properties."

Shining laser light on a material produces subtle changes in its magnetic properties – Physics World

Laser draws made-to-order magnetic landscapes "Researchers at the Paul Scherrer Institute PSI, in collaboration with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Boulder, Colorado, have for the first time succeeded in using existing laser technology to continuously vary the magnetic properties of two-dimensional materials. This simple and fast method should make a large number of applications possible, including techniques for data storage and processing."

New Article on Direct-write Laser Patterning of Magnetic Landscapes (original news release)

Two-dimensional gradients in magnetic properties created with direct-write laser annealing (open access) "Patterning magnetic landscapes has recently emerged as a powerful avenue to achieve new functionalities in existing materials. In a recent publication from the Laboratory for Mesoscopic Systems, two-dimensional complex patterns with continuous variations in magnetic anisotropy, interlayer exchange coupling, and ferrimagnetic compensation are created at the mesoscopic scale in numerous application-relevant magnetic materials."

Fig. 1: Heat-activated physical and chemical changes provided by DWLA and their impact on the magnetic properties. (direct-write laser annealing (DWLA))

Professional chocolate tester in Switzerland: the best job in Europe?

My dream job (or my death as a chocoholic)!

The fatal fire at a Swiss ski resort on New Year’s Eve 2025

For Switzerland such a devastating and lethal fire in a business establishment is quite unusual to happen! About "40 people killed and injured 119, many of them severely" (Source)

Apparently, it was a bar has two-levels on the ground floor and in the basement.

How overcrowded was the bar at the time the fire broke out? Were the managers/owner of this bar culpable.

There was at least one news report that emergency exits were blocked.

Did this establishment not have fire sprinklers or did they not work properly?

Boosting the Coherence of X-Ray Free-Electron Lasers

Amazing stuff!

"X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) have transformed the study of matter by delivering femtosecond and attosecond pulses at angstrom wavelengths, enabling direct observation of ultrafast structural and electronic dynamics. Despite these successes, XFELs have long lacked a capability central to precision optical science: stable temporal phase coherence.

Most XFEL facilities operate in the self-amplified spontaneous-emission (SASE) regime, in which radiation originates from microscopic shot noise in an electron beam. This mechanism produces extremely bright pulses, but shot-to-shot fluctuations in their temporal structure limit their use in phase-sensitive experiments useful for metrology, interferometry, and ultrafast spectroscopy. ...

In conventional lasers, mode locking enforces a fixed phase relationship among an optical cavity’s longitudinal modes—discrete, equally spaced frequencies that resonate with the cavity. Without mode locking, these modes would oscillate independently, and their random phases would lead to noisy emission in time. When mode locking synchronizes their phases, the modes interfere constructively at regular intervals, producing a periodic train of ultrashort pulses. ...

XFELs, however, lack a physical resonator and therefore do not possess longitudinal modes in the usual sense of a cavity-based laser. They operate in a single pass, as electron bunches propagating through a sequence of undulators emit x-ray radiation. Nevertheless, theory has shown that an effective set of longitudinal modes can be synthesized by inserting, between undulator modules, magnetic chicanes that introduce a fixed delay between successive amplification stages. These delays define a comb of allowed frequencies—sometimes described as “synthetic” longitudinal modes—whose spacing is determined by the relative temporal slippage between the emitted x rays and the electrons. Recent experiments have demonstrated that such multichicane schemes enhance temporal coherence in SASE operation ..."

From the abstract:

"X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) are powerful photon sources offering a wide wavelength range, subfemtosecond pulse duration, and high brightness. Most x-ray FELs are based on self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE). SASE-FEL radiation has excellent transverse but only limited longitudinal coherence, with power and spectral profiles consisting of multiple randomly distributed spikes.

In this Letter, we present the first experimental demonstration of mode-locked SASE, which generates periodic trains of phase-locked sub femtosecond pulses, thus providing an x-ray analog of the optical frequency comb.

Our approach combines the mode-coupled SASE scheme, where magnetic chicanes between the undulator modules of the FEL increase the coherence of the output radiation, and an external optical laser that restricts the FEL amplification to periodic and short regions of the electron bunch.
The work relies on evidence in the frequency and time domains for photons and electrons, respectively, and will benefit investigations of ultrafast dynamics as well as coherent spectroscopy, and enable new types of experiments requiring phase-correlated x-ray pulses."

Physics - Boosting the Coherence of X-Ray Free-Electron Lasers "Mode locking—a laser technique that revolutionized optical physics—has been extended to x rays, producing stable trains of attosecond pulses with unprecedented phase coherence."

Demonstration of Mode-Locked Frequency Comb for an X-Ray Free-Electron Laser (open access)

Fig. 1 (a) Schematic layout of the experiment. (b) and (c) Longitudinal phase space measurements of the electron beam without and with the 790-nm seed laser, respectively.

Switzerland goes bunkers as citizens revamp fallout shelters in case of war

Very recommendable! The Swiss people are very special! If any population in the world will survive a nuclear armageddon (god forbid), most of the Swiss population likely will survive in shelters.

Breakthrough microscope reveals real time flu virus cell invasion

Amazing stuff! What other pathogens can we now watch in action? This could be a breakthrough!

Will we soon have even better flu vaccinations?

"... On the surface of the influenza virus are two molecular "keys": hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). They are the virus's lockpicks, the tools that let it slip into our cells and spread from one host to another.

The flu virus attacks much like a thief looking for unlocked doors. Its HA and NA proteins grab onto tiny molecules called sialic acids on the surface of cells. Once attached, the virus slides along the surface until the cell reshapes itself and swallows the virus inside. This process is called endocytosis.

But watching how the flu virus sneaks into cells has been difficult because standard microscopes can't capture these fast, tiny steps clearly.

In a breakthrough study, scientists from Switzerland and Japan built a new kind of "super microscope" by blending two powerful imaging tools: atomic force microscopy (AFM) and fluorescence microscopy, creating a new method called virus-view dual confocal and AFM (ViViD-AFM). This hybrid system lets researchers zoom in on living human cells with incredible detail. This offers a new real time insight into how the flu virus operates.

For the first time, researchers could actually see the nanoscale drama of influenza invading a cell. But what surprised them most was the target cell's role in this process. Instead of sitting quietly and letting the virus in, the cell seemed to fight back: stretching, shifting, and even trying to grab hold of the virus as if to control the encounter. "The infection of our body cells is like a dance between virus and cell," ...

With their new system, the team watched how single flu virus particles move across the surface of a cell under different conditions, like when specific viral proteins were blocked, when fewer binding sites were available on the cell, or when different virus types were tested. They also studied how the cell's membrane changes shape before and during the virus's entry. ..."

From the significance and abstract:

"Significance

Influenza A viruses (IAVs) continue to cause epidemics worldwide due to their high mutability. Nevertheless, the initial step of infection, viral uptake into cells, has been challenging to observe directly with conventional microscopy techniques. Here, we developed a hybrid imaging system combining atomic force microscopy and confocal microscopy with enhanced mechanical functionality and minimal invasiveness to directly visualize nanoscale dynamics of IAV and cell membranes during viral uptake into living cells. This system enables the analysis of IAV lateral diffusion resulting from IAV–membrane interactions and characteristic membrane morphological changes induced by IAV during endocytosis. Our approach offers a method to rapidly assess the impact of viral mutations on host cell entry, which is critical for understanding emerging IAV variants.

Abstract

Influenza A virus (IAV) entry into host cells begins with interactions between the viral envelope proteins hemagglutinin (HA)/neuraminidase (NA) and sialic acid moieties on the cell plasma membrane.

These interactions drive IAV’s lateral diffusion along the cell membrane and trigger membrane morphological changes required for endocytosis. However, directly visualizing these dynamic processes, which are crucial for IAV entry, has been challenging using conventional microscopy techniques.

In this study, we enabled live-cell observation of nanoscale morphological dynamics of IAV and the cell membrane by reducing the mechanical invasiveness of atomic force microscopy (AFM).

A customised cantilever with less than half the spring constant of conventional cantilevers enabled virus-view AFM imaging that preserved IAV–membrane interactions.

By combining virus-view AFM with confocal microscopy, we performed correlative morphological and fluorescence observations of IAV lateral diffusion and endocytosis in living cells.

Variations in diffusion coefficients of single virions suggested heterogeneity in sialic acid density on the cell membrane. NA inhibition decreased diffusion coefficients, while reduced sialic acid density increased them.

The timing of clathrin accumulation at virion binding sites coincided with a decrease in diffusion coefficients, a relationship that was maintained independent of NA activity or sialic acid density. As clathrin assembly progressed, ~100-nm-high membrane bulges emerged adjacent to the virus, culminating in the complete membrane envelopment of the virus at peak clathrin accumulation.

Our virus-view AFM will deepen our understanding of various virus–cell interactions, facilitate the evaluation of drug effects and promote future translational research."

Breakthrough microscope reveals real time flu virus cell invasion

How influenza viruses enter our cells (original news release) "For the first time, researchers have observed live and in high resolution how influenza viruses infect living cells. This was possible thanks to a new microscopy technique, which could now help to develop antiviral therapies in a more targeted manner. "

Enhanced visualization of influenza A virus entry into living cells using virus-view atomic force microscopy (open access)

Fig. 4 Membrane bulges cover virus particles during IAV CME. 

Switzerland reduces F-35 fighter jet buy after $610 million price hike

What are the Swiss people doing with F-35 supersonic stealth strike fighters? They have come a long way since the famous Wilhelm Tell crossbow! 😊

What language do the Swiss air force pilots speak to avoid any confusion or dangerous misunderstanding among the four official languages of Switzerland? English? 😊

The Swiss people are known for being penny pinchers (but in a good way)!

Switzerland is such a tiny land locked country! Once the F-35 is in the air it is almost an air space violation to another country!

Caution: irony!

Switzerland reduces F-35 buy after $610 million price hike - Breaking Defense ""Due to foreseeable additional costs, it is not financially viable to maintain the originally planned number" of aircraft, said a Swiss statement."

Researchers build bone marrow model entirely from human cells

Good news!

"Scientists have successfully engineered the first entirely human-made bone marrow system in a lab, a key development for advanced blood research."

"... Now, researchers have succeeded for the first time in recreating this cellular complexity in the laboratory using only human cells. The novel system could reduce the need for animal experiments for many applications ...

Typically, bone marrow research relies heavily on animal models and oversimplified cell cultures in the laboratory. Now, researchers from the Department of Biomedicine at the University of Basel and University Hospital Basel have developed a realistic model of the bone marrow engineered entirely from human cells. ..."

From the highlights and abstract:

"Highlights

• eVON model recapitulates molecular and cellular features of native BM endosteal niches

• Endosteal vasculature enhances human myelopoiesis in the eVON

• eVON preserves HSPC multilineage repopulating capacity

• VEGF-A, CXCL12, and SCF signaling are active and could be perturbed in the eVON

Summary

Endosteal bone marrow (BM) niches are crucial to sustain non-steady-state hematopoiesis but are challenging to be modeled in their cellular and molecular complexity in standardized, human settings.

We report a developmentally guided approach to generate a macro-scale organotypic model of BM endosteal niches (engineered vascularized osteoblastic niche [eVON]) based on human induced pluripotent stem cells and porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds. The eVON contains long-lasting vascular networks covered by pericytes and neural fibers within an osteogenic matrix.

Key niche signals (CXCL12, KITLG, and vascular endothelial growth factor A [VEGFA]) are expressed in human-specific patterns.

The system supports hematopoiesis in vitro and preserves hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) multilineage repopulation capacity in vivo.

eVON perturbations at cellular (removing vasculature) and molecular (deregulating VEGF-A and CXCL12 signaling) levels enabled the investigation of the contribution of endosteal vasculature to myelopoiesis.

The eVON faithfully captures phenotypic, structural, and functional features of human endosteal BM, enabling the study of pathophysiological interactions with hematopoietic cells."

Researchers build bone marrow model entirely from human cells | University of Basel

Macro-scale, scaffold-assisted model of the human bone marrow endosteal niche using hiPSC-vascularized osteoblastic organoids (open access)

Credits: The Flyover

Graphical abstract

Nestlé Under Scrutiny as Cerelac baby food in Africa Shows High Sugar Levels with Palki Sharma

Very likely this is a phony and/or manufactured scandal against Nestle!

What if, for example, African parents request more sugar for their baby food? This video and other news reports did not address this question.

As usual or as typical, the report is from an NGO with possible ulterior motives!

TV-Doku untersucht Hitlers DNA: Grosse Aufregung um einen kleinen Penis. Wirklich!

Wie sich da die Schweizer Neue Zürcher Zeitung geirrt oder sich sogar lächerlich gemacht hat! 

Habe hier vor kurzem zum kleinen Penis und fehlenden Hoden von Hitler gebloggt.

"Für eine TV-Doku haben britische Forscher das Erbgut von Adolf Hitler analysiert. Die vermeintlichen Enthüllungen sind wissenschaftlich fragwürdig [???]. Aber selbst wenn sie sich bestätigen, tragen sie wenig [???] zum Verständnis des grössten Kriegsverbrechers aller Zeiten bei."

NZZ Wissenschaft & Technologie

TV-Doku untersucht Hitlers DNA: Grosse Aufregung um einen «kleinen Penis» (behind paywall)

US reaches trade deal with Switzerland, Liechtenstein

Good news! What about Luxembourg? 😊

US reaches trade deal with Switzerland, Liechtenstein | Just The News "“President Trump’s unmatched dealmaking continues to deliver for the American people,” U.S. trade representative Jamieson Greer said"

Fact Sheet: The United States, Switzerland, and Liechtenstein Reach a Historic Trade Deal

In der Schweiz liefern erstmals Roboter Lebensmittelpakete aus.

Die Schweiz ist immer wieder für eine Überraschung gut! Durch diese hohle Gasse muss er kommen! Der Rütlischwur macht es möglich! 😊

Lieferroboter im Test: Wie sicher ist der Rivr One in der Schweiz? "Ein Roboterhund soll Bestellungen autonom zustellen und dabei komplexe städtische Umgebungen meistern. Noch fehlt ihm in gewissen Situationen die Erfahrung, um zu reagieren wie ein Mensch."

Unterwegs auf den Strassen von Zürich

Switzerland to Introduce Digital ID Cards After Razor-Thin Referendum

Good news! We are living now at the end of the first quarter of the 21st century! About time!

Shows again that the Swiss citizens have common sense and prefer practical solutions!

"... Proponents have noted that it will be an optional system, and that government authorities or private firms which use the system will be prohibited from obtaining more information than is needed from the digital ID card. ...

The IDs, which will function as a smartphone app, will be used to access government services, provide age verification, and enable virtual transactions, such as opening a bank account or starting a mobile phone contract.

The government is also said to be planning to use the system to introduce digital travel tickets and potentially use it to develop an e-voting system. ..."

Switzerland to Introduce Digital ID Cards After Razor-Thin Referendum "Digital identity cards are set to be introduced in Switzerland after voters narrowly approved a referendum on Sunday."

Joint Assisted Suicide by married, older British couple in Switzerland to Avoid Future separation by death. She is a Polish Holocaust survivor

Food for thought! Dignity and the choice of one's death. Does love survive death?

This was a Jewish couple from the UK. Unfortunately, I am not familiar with Judaism and its relation to death or suicide.

Switzerland is a very special, small country in more than one respect! Direct democracy is another example.

"Ruth Posner, 96, and her husband Michael, 97, sent an email to loved ones saying they'd "shuffled off this mortal coil" after travelling to a Swiss Dignitas clinic because they did not want to leave each other behind. ...

Neither Michael Posner, 97, nor his wife Ruth, 96, had a terminal illness, but had made the decision to die together because they were desperate not to be apart after 75 years of marriage. ..."

"... This is far from the first such case as euthanasia consciousness has spread throughout the West. I even know of one joint euthanasia homicide in Belgium of an elderly couple who weren’t sick but worried about future widowhood. It was arranged by their son so the children could avoid future caregiving. ..."

"... The Polish-born actress, 96, who escaped a Nazi ghetto as a child and forged a successful career in dance and drama, is thought to have died last weekend at the Pegasos clinic near Basel.

She and 97-year-old Michael sent an email to family and friends on Tuesday informing them of their decision to die, according to playwright Sonja Linden who told BBC News she had received it.

In the note, first reported by The Times, the couple said they were "sorry not to have mentioned it, but when you receive this email we will have shuffled off this mortal coil".

"The decision was mutual and without any outside pressure. We had lived a long life and together for almost 75 years. There came a point when failing senses, of sight and hearing and lack of energy was not living but existing that no care would improve," they wrote.

"We had an interesting and varied life and except for the sorrow of losing Jeremy, our son. We enjoyed our time together, we tried not to regret the past, live in the present and not to expect too much from the future. Much love Ruth & Mike".

Ms Linden, a close friend of Mrs Posner, paid tribute to her as "the most vibrant, amazing woman" and Mr Posner as a "remarkable, clever, intellectual man".

Speaking to the PA news agency, she said of Mrs Posner: "She felt increasingly, every time I visited her over the last year, she said 'we've had enough, we're ready to go, we don't want to just exist. And that's what we're doing, we're just existing at the moment'." ..."

Joint Elderly Assisted Suicide in Switzerland to Avoid Future Widowhood | National Review

Actress and husband choose to 'die at Swiss clinic' as they 'can't be apart'

Holocaust survivor Ruth Posner and husband die at Swiss clinic

DIGNITAS - To live with dignity - To die with dignity

Ruth Posner

The Posner couple

Wie die Schweiz zur weltweiten Goldmacht aufstieg

Sehr empfehlenswert!

Top quarks pair up with their antimatter counterparts in a quasi-bound state called toponium

Amazing stuff! The scientists refer to their discovery as an "elusive dance". What were they smoking? Just kidding! 😊

"... For decades, physicists believed that the top quark, the heaviest known subatomic particle, was too short-lived to form a temporary pair with its antimatter partner. Unlike lighter quarks, which can combine to form protons, neutrons, or longer-lived quark–antiquark pairs, the top quark decays almost instantly. This made the idea of a top–antitop bound state – a fleeting association held together by the strong force – seem impossible. But now, the CMS collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has found the first evidence of such a state, which is dubbed toponium. ..."

"An unforeseen feature in proton-proton collisions previously observed by the CMS experiment at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has now been confirmed ... The result ... suggests that top quarks – the heaviest and shortest-lived of all the elementary particles – can momentarily pair up with their antimatter counterparts to produce a “quasi-bound-state” called toponium. 

Further input based on complex theoretical calculations of the strong nuclear force -- called quantum chromodynamics (QCD) -- will enable physicists to understand the true nature of this elusive dance. ...

Basing itself on a simplified toponium production hypothesis, CMS measured the cross section for the top quark–antiquark excess to be 8.8 picobarns (pb) with an uncertainty of about 1.3 pb. This passed the “five sigma” level of certainty required to claim a discovery in particle physics and made it extremely unlikely that the excess over the background-only prediction is just a statistical fluctuation.

“The observation of a non-relativistic QCD effect that was thought to be too difficult to detect is a great triumph for the LHC experiment programme,” ..."

From the abstract:

"A search for resonances in top quark pair () production in final states with two charged leptons and multiple jets is presented, based on proton–proton collision data collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC at , corresponding to 138 fb−1.

The analysis explores the invariant mass of the  system and two angular observables that provide direct access to the correlation of top quark and antiquark spins.

A significant excess of events is observed near the kinematic  threshold compared to the non-resonant production predicted by fixed-order perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD).

The observed enhancement is consistent with the production of a color-singlet pseudoscalar () quasi-bound toponium state, as predicted by non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics. Using a simplified model for  toponium, the cross section of the excess above the pQCD prediction is measured to be ."

Top quarks embrace in quasi-bound toponium – Physics World

Elusive romance of top-quark pairs observed at the LHC (original news release) "The CMS and ATLAS experiments at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider have observed an unforeseen feature in the behaviour of top quarks that suggests that these heaviest of all elementary particles form a fleeting union."

Observation of a pseudoscalar excess at the top quark pair production threshold (open access)