Wednesday, August 27, 2025

World’s most sensitive scintillation neutrino detector comes online in China

Good news!

"... the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO), the largest and most sensitive scintillation detector yet. Built by the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the observatory started taking data yesterday.

Neutrinos are the most abundant matter particles in the universe, but they are fiendishly difficult to observe. ..."

"The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) has successfully completed filling its 20,000-tons liquid scintillator detector and begun data taking on August 26. After more than a decade of preparation and construction, JUNO is the first of a new generation of very large neutrino experiments to reach this stage. Initial trial operation and data taking show that key performance indicators met or exceeded design expectations, enabling JUNO to tackle one of this decade’s major open questions in particle physics: the ordering of neutrino masses—whether the third mass state (ν₃) is heavier than the second (ν₂). ...

Located 700 meters underground near Jiangmen city in the Guangdong Province, China, JUNO detects antineutrinos produced 53 kilometers away by the Taishan and Yangjiang nuclear power plants and measures their energy spectrum with record precision. Unlike other approaches, JUNO’s determination of the mass ordering is independent of matter effects in the Earth and largely free of parameter degeneracies. JUNO will also deliver order‑of‑magnitude improvements in the precision of several neutrino‑oscillation parameters and enable cutting‑edge studies of neutrinos from the Sun, supernovae, the atmosphere, and the Earth. It will also open new windows to explore unknown physics, including searches for sterile neutrinos and proton decay. ..."

ScienceAdviser

China’s new underground lab could answer long-standing neutrino mystery "Physicists hope to pin down relative masses of wispy particles that change “flavors” on the fly"

JUNO Completed Liquid Filling and Begins Data Taking (original news release)

Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO)


Bird's eye view of the JUNO neutrino detector with its photomultiplier tubes installed inside the empty water pool.


Fig.2 The central acrylic sphere and PMTs.


Fig.4 Prompt signal of a reactor neutrino event detected on August 24, with energy of ~5.7MeV.


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