Good news! Sounds almost like very boring research! Like Thomas Alva Edison tested over 6000 different plant materials to find a better filament for the incandescent light bulb.
There were actually three related studies published around the same time.
"... The three studies were led by Distinguished University Professor Chunsheng Wang and received funding from the U.S. Department of Energy. Together, they show how controlling reactions and transport at battery interfaces can enable more efficient use of sulfur, silicon and lithium metal. Each design addresses a different failure mechanism while advancing the shared goals of higher energy, faster charging and reliable operation under demanding conditions. ..."
"... Researchers ... recently introduced a new ionic liquid electrolyte that could improve the performance of lithium-sulfur batteries. This electrolyte, ... was found to increase both the voltage and energy storage of lithium-sulfur batteries. ...
As part of their study, the researchers tested various electrolytes with different proportions of lithium salt and an ionic liquid containing chloride. ... then ran computer simulations to model the movement and interactions of atoms and molecules in batteries with these electrolytes. Ultimately, the team identified the best-performing electrolyte and used it to design a lithium-sulfur battery with a different internal chemistry. ..."
From the abstract:
"Rechargeable lithium–sulfur batteries offer a promising route to high-energy storage using abundant sulfur, but their energy density is constrained by low operating voltage, sluggish redox kinetics and polysulfide shuttling.
Raising sulfur to higher oxidation states could increase cell voltage, yet reversible high-valence sulfur chemistry in lithium batteries remains difficult because chloride species bind Li+ and halogen-mediated reactions consume electrolyte. Here we show that a free-chloride-rich ionic liquid electrolyte enables a Li||S2Cl2 chemistry that addresses these limitations by reversibly converting Li2S to S2Cl2 through a three-electron sulfur redox process. The electrolyte functions as an ionic mediator with only a minor capacity contribution.
This chemistry increases the average operating voltage from 2.05 to 2.54 V at 25 °C and 0.2C, raises sulfur-specific capacity by 58% and delivers an electrode-level specific energy above 1,700 Wh kg−1 with cycling over 100 cycles."
University of Maryland Researchers Develop Three Materials Strategies for Higher-Energy Lithium Batteries (original news release 1)
UMD Researchers Develop Strategies for Higher-Energy Lithium Batteries (original news release 2)
New battery chemistry could help lithium-sulfur batteries store more energy (original news release 3)
Lithium–disulfur dichloride batteries (no public access)
Reversible three-electron sulfur redox enabled by phase-separated ionic-liquid electrolytes
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