Water can split into two different liquids and ties itself into knots when supercooled

Amazing stuff! Water ties itself into knots! What!

We still know so little about water! Another reason why the Global Warming Hoax and Climate Change Religion is propaganda and demagoguery!

"... By studying the behavior of water molecules placed under high pressure in temperature ranges that would usually cause the liquid to crystallize, the team identified the key features of two new liquid states of water. ...

When placed under high pressure at low temperature, the team explains, the H2O molecule takes on an unexpected shape: it ties itself into knots. This shift allows it to remain liquid even under conditions that would normally see it crystallizing into ice.

This research expands on theoretical work laid down in the 1990s that attempted to determine what interactions take place between supercooled water molecules — molecules that are taken below their typical freezing point without solidifying. ..."

From the abstract:

"The first-order phase transition between two tetrahedral networks of different density—introduced as a hypothesis to account for the anomalous behaviour of certain thermodynamic properties of deeply supercooled water—has received strong support from a growing body of work in recent years. Here we show that this liquid–liquid phase transition in tetrahedral networks can be described as a transition between an unentangled, low-density liquid and an entangled, high-density liquid, the latter containing an ensemble of topologically complex motifs. We first reveal this distinction in a rationally designed colloidal analogue of water. We show that this colloidal water model displays the well-known water thermodynamic anomalies as well as a liquid–liquid critical point. We then investigate water, employing two widely used molecular models, to demonstrate that there is also a clear topological distinction between its two supercooled liquid networks, thereby establishing the generality of this observation, which might have far-reaching implications for understanding liquid–liquid phase transitions in tetrahedral liquids."

Water can split into two different liquids when supercooled, researchers find The findings can help us better predict how water behaves in some extreme environments on alien planets.

Topological nature of the liquid–liquid phase transition in tetrahedral liquids (open access)

Fig. 3: Characterization of the LLPT in molecular water by identifying links and knots