Amazing stuff!
More complications for transgender individuals! E.g. a double mastectomy is not enough! 😊 Caution: irony.
"Researchers at the CSIRO, Australia’s national science agency, have developed a new artificial intelligence (AI) tool for estimating the biological sex of individuals – from their skulls.
The tool has the potential to speed up investigations in criminal analysis or after severe natural disasters. ..."
From the abstract:
"Cranial sex estimation often relies on visual assessments made by a forensic anthropologist following published standards. However, these methods are prone to human bias and may be less accurate when applied to populations other than those for which they were originally developed with.
This study explores an automatic deep learning (DL) framework to enhance sex estimation accuracy and reduce bias.
Utilising 200 cranial CT scans of Indonesian individuals, various DL network configurations were evaluated against a human observer. The most accurate DL network, which learned to estimate sex and cranial traits as an auxiliary task, achieved a classification accuracy of 97%, outperforming the human observer at 82%.
Grad-CAM visualisations indicated that the DL model appears to focus on certain cranial traits, while also considering overall size and shape. This study demonstrates the potential of using DL to assist forensic anthropologists in providing more accurate and less biased estimations of skeletal sex."
CSIRO develops AI tool for rapid identification in forensic investigations (original news release) "It is approximately five times faster than a human at estimating biological sex and could support investigators during natural disasters and criminal analysis."
Deep learning versus human assessors: forensic sex estimation from three-dimensional computed tomography scans (open access)
Fig. 1 Grad-CAM heatmaps associated with each Walker score branch with input, assigned by networks N1 and N2. Positions of each cranial trait is indicated with the red arrow. The heatmaps are overlaid on the skull mask and its intensity of regional activation is indicated by the colour gradient.
A volume-rendered CT scan featuring the five cranial traits used in the study.
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