Scientists work out the many effects of endurance exercise at the cellular level affecting all tissues and they vary by sex

Good news! Exercise more!

"... new research shows that the body’s response to exercise is more complex and far-reaching than previously thought. In a study on rats, a team of scientists from across the United States has found that physical activity causes many cellular and molecular changes in all 19 of the organs they studied in the animals. ..."

"... amounting to over 35,000 biological molecules that respond and adapt to endurance exercise over time, including tissues from organs not usually associated with exercise. ...
While molecular changes were seen in all tissues, the way in which each tissue responded was unique. ..."

From the abstract:

"Regular exercise promotes whole-body health and prevents disease, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here, the Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium profiled the temporal transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, lipidome, phosphoproteome, acetylproteome, ubiquitylproteome, epigenome and immunome in whole blood, plasma and 18 solid tissues in male and female Rattus norvegicus over eight weeks of endurance exercise training. The resulting data compendium encompasses 9,466 assays across 19 tissues, 25 molecular platforms and 4 training time points. Thousands of shared and tissue-specific molecular alterations were identified, with sex differences found in multiple tissues. Temporal multi-omic and multi-tissue analyses revealed expansive biological insights into the adaptive responses to endurance training, including widespread regulation of immune, metabolic, stress response and mitochondrial pathways. Many changes were relevant to human health, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cardiovascular health and tissue injury and recovery. The data and analyses presented in this study will serve as valuable resources for understanding and exploring the multi-tissue molecular effects of endurance training and are provided in a public repository (https://motrpac-data.org/)."

Scientists work out the effects of exercise at the cellular level | Broad Institute Prolonged physical activity in rats results in profound changes to RNA, proteins, and metabolites in nearly all tissues, providing clues to many human health conditions.

Endurance exercise affects all tissues of the body, even those not normally associated with movement NIH-funded project in rats also finds widespread differences between male and female organisms

Temporal dynamics of the multi-omic response to endurance exercise training (open access)

Fig. 1: Summary of the study design and multi-omics dataset.

Fig. 5: Training-induced immune responses.

Fig. 6: Training-induced changes in metabolism.