Good, but a bit of old news! Impressive!
"Researchers have created the most sophisticated kidney organoid to date, offering a real shot at growing transplantable kidneys from stem cells. These mini kidneys were capable of making urine when transplanted into mice. ... Plumbing — encouraging the organoid to develop blood vessels and the duct that carries urine to the bladder — is the major hold-up. The researchers estimate a transplantable kidney will be ready for animal testing in less than five years."
"... Reared from kidney stem cells, the 1-millimeter-wide structures, known as organoids, recapitulate some of the intricate internal organization of the kidney and, when transplanted into mice, make urine. ...
Exceeded in complexity only by the brain, kidneys contain a filigree of tiny tubules that filter blood and then recapture water and other substances the body needs. ..."
"... “This is a revolutionary tool for creating more accurate models for studying kidney disease, which affects one in seven adults,” ...
Scientists from the Li Lab previously constructed organoids composed of nephrons, the kidney’s filtering units. They had also produced organoids resembling the kidney’s collecting ducts, which concentrate urine.
Now, led by first authors Biao Huang, Pedro Medina, and Zipeng Zeng from the Li Lab, and Jincan He from Tongji University in Shanghai, the team has successfully combined nephron and collecting duct components to produce what they have dubbed “assembloids.” ..."
From the highlights and abstract:
"Highlights
• Human kidney progenitor assembloid (hKPA) develops from hPSC-derived iNPCs and iUPCs
• hKPA shows polarized RVs from iNPCs around a central iUPC-derived UB
• Patterned nephrons fuse with the central CD and display kidney-like functions
• In vivo-grown PKD2−/− hKPA models complex pathogenic cell-cell interactions
Summary
Current kidney organoids do not recapitulate the kidney’s complex spatial patterning and function, limiting their applications. The human kidney comprises one million nephrons, derived from nephron progenitor cells, that connect to an arborized ureteric progenitor cell-derived collecting system.
Here, we develop spatially organized mouse and human kidney progenitor assembloid (KPA) models in which the nephrons undergo extensive development and fuse to a centrally located collecting system, recapitulating kidney progenitor self-assembly processes observed in vivo.
KPAs show dramatically improved cellular complexity and maturity and exhibit several aspects of major kidney functions in vitro and in vivo. Modeling human autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) with genome-edited, in vivo-grown human KPAs recapitulated the cystic phenotype and the molecular and cellular hallmarks of the disease and highlighted the crosstalk among cyst epithelium, stroma, and macrophages.
The KPA platform opens new avenues for high-fidelity disease modeling and lays a strong foundation for kidney regenerative medicine."
Scientists make most authentic kidney replicas so far "Lab-grown organoids reproduce some of a kidney’s internal structure and function"
USC Stem Cell-led team makes major advance toward building a synthetic kidney (original news release) "Scientists combine kidney filtering and urine-concentrating components to create “assembloids,” the most mature and complex kidney structures ever grown in a lab and a tool for developing new therapies."
Spatially patterned kidney assembloids recapitulate progenitor self-assembly and enable high-fidelity in vivo disease modeling (open access)
Using human stem cells, researchers grew this organoid that features glomeruli (purple), the blood-filtering subunits of a real kidney.
Figure 3 Functional maturation of mKPAs in vitro and in vivo
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