Sunday, July 13, 2025

Engineers Turn Toxic Fungus into Anti-Cancer Compound killing leukemia cells

Good news! Cancer is history (soon)!

"... After isolating a new class of molecules from Aspergillus flavus, a toxic crop fungus linked to deaths in the excavations of ancient tombs, the researchers modified the chemicals and tested them against leukemia cells. The result? A promising cancer-killing compound that rivals FDA-approved drugs and opens up new frontiers in the discovery of more fungal medicines. ...

The therapy in question is a class of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides, or RiPPs, ... The name refers to how the compound is produced — by the ribosome ... and the fact that it is modified later, in this case, to enhance its cancer-killing properties.

“Purifying these chemicals is difficult,” ... While thousands of RiPPs have been identified in bacteria, only a handful have been found in fungi. ...

After purifying four different RiPPs, the researchers found the molecules shared a unique structure of interlocking rings. The researchers named these molecules, which have never been previously described, after the fungus in which they were found: asperigimycins

Even with no modification, when mixed with human cancer cells, asperigimycins demonstrated medical potential: two of the four variants had potent effects against leukemia cells. ..."

From the abstract:
"Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a promising source of new pharmaceuticals, yet the therapeutic potential of fungal RiPPs remains largely underexplored.
Here we report asperigimycins as a distinct class of fungal RiPPs, featuring a unique heptacyclic scaffold consisting of a benzofuranoindoline core and three additional macrocycles, primarily assembled by six distinct fungi-specific DUF3328 oxidases.
Inspired by the enhancement of anticancer activity through the N-terminal pyroglutamate in naturally occurring asperigimycins C and D, we chemically modify the inactive asperigimycin B with a series of lipid substitutions at its N-terminus.
A derivative with a C-11 linear fatty acid, 2-L6, achieves nanomolar anticancer potency comparable to that of clinically approved antileukemia drugs.
High-throughput CRISPR screening identifies the SLC46A3 transporter as a critical factor mediating 2-L6 cellular uptake into human cells.
Our findings highlight the promise of engineering asperigimycins as therapeutic leads for cancer treatment."

Fungus from King Tut's tomb may fight leukemia




Adding lipids to the newly discovered chemicals helped the asperigimycins enter cells.


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