Amazing stuff!
"The starlet sea anemone (Nematostella vectensis) is a pro regenerator: capable of regrowing a lost body part, or even into 2 new anemones, when cut or injured.
A new study has found that the anemone remodels its whole body to do this – all to preserve its body shape. ..."
From the highlights and abstract:
"Highlights
• Tomo-seq identifies local and systemic responses in regenerating Nematostella
• Physa regeneration triggers both morphallactic and epimorphic processes
• Local and systemic matrix metalloprotease levels scale with tissue loss
• Matrix metalloproteases remodel basement membranes to maintain shape homeostasis
Summary
The complexity of regeneration extends beyond local wound responses, eliciting systemic processes across the entire organism. However, the functional relevance and coordination of distant molecular processes remain unclear. In the cnidarian Nematostella vectensis, we show that local regeneration triggers a systemic homeostatic response, leading to coordinated whole-body remodeling. Leveraging spatial transcriptomics, endogenous protein tagging, and live imaging, we comprehensively dissect this systemic response at the organismal scale. We identify proteolysis as a critical process driven by both local and systemic upregulation of metalloproteases. We show that metalloproteinase expression levels and activity scale with the extent of tissue loss. This proportional response drives long-range tissue and extracellular matrix movement. Our findings demonstrate the adaptive nature of the systematic response in regeneration, enabling the organism to maintain shape homeostasis while coping with a wide range of injuries."
Graphical abstract
Figure 4. Proteolysis correlates with local and systemic wound responses
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