Good news! Quite an impressive study!
Seems like exercise improves health much more and in different ways than previously thought!
"... Researchers ... found that after consistent exercise, the liver produces an enzyme that boosts exercise performance, enhances weight loss, and improves glucose tolerance in mice. ...
The team profiled protein secretion in 21 different cell types across 10 different tissues in mice and compared the secretomes of mice that had exercised on the treadmill for 60 minutes a day for a week to those of sedentary mice. To their surprise, almost all tissues in the body started either boosting or reducing protein production.
A particularly striking finding ... was that in response to exercise, liver cells secreted a family of molecules called carboxylesterase 2 (CES2), which were previously thought to be intracellular proteins. Other studies had revealed that boosting CES2 production inside the liver can increase metabolism in mice. However, the team showed that CES2 is also released into the body in response to exercise, and it may influence a number of other organ systems.
To further understand the role of CES2, the researchers genetically engineered mice to overexpress CES2 in their livers and found that the protein improved overall metabolic health. Mice lost weight and had greater endurance and better glucose tolerance than non-genetically engineered mice. The CES2-overexpressing mice could also run faster and for a longer time than their non-genetically engineered counterparts. "
From the abstract:
"There is a significant interest in identifying blood-borne factors that mediate tissue crosstalk and function as molecular effectors of physical activity. Although past studies have focused on an individual molecule or cell type, the organism-wide secretome response to physical activity has not been evaluated. Here, we use a cell-type-specific proteomic approach to generate a 21-cell-type, 10-tissue map of exercise training-regulated secretomes in mice. Our dataset identifies >200 exercise training-regulated cell-type-secreted protein pairs, the majority of which have not been previously reported. Pdgfra-cre-labeled secretomes were the most responsive to exercise training. Finally, we show anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, and exercise performance-enhancing activities for proteoforms of intracellular carboxylesterases whose secretion from the liver is induced by exercise training."
Organism-wide, cell-type-specific secretome mapping of exercise training in mice (no public access, but article above contains link to PDF)
Organism-wide secretome mapping uncovers pathways of tissue crosstalk in exercise (This appears to be the open access preprint version of the study)
Graphical abstract
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