Thursday, January 21, 2021

The hole story of how cage molecules could transform synthesis and separation

Amazing stuff! This approach might have great potential! This is a very recommendable overview article!

"... Molecules twist and fold into unusual shapes to fit inside a nanosized container, concentration increases by factors of up to 10,000, and unstable intermediates become less unstable as they are shielded from the outside world. At the molecular scale, interactions between container and contained molecules become ‘prearranged, prolonged and private’ ...
After 35 years of research, chemists are now starting to unlock the potential of confinement by designing molecular cages that fold up long molecules into huge macrocycles, or creating cavities that can separate deuterium from hydrogen. In the future, confined spaces could rival enzymes in their ability to catalyse reactions or protect unstable species, turning them into useful reagents. ...
One of the most complex transformations ever carried out inside a cage was reported by Ken Raymond, Robert Bergman and Dean Toste, a long-time supramolecular chemistry collaboration at the University of California, Berkeley, US. They used a gallium coordination cage, nicknamed Raymond tetrahedron, to catalyse a three-component coupling reaction.6 More than a simple catalyst, albeit one that increases yields up to 12-fold, the tetrahedron also inverts the reaction’s stereoselectivity. In bulk solution, the product created is the opposite stereoisomer to the one generated inside the cage."

The hole story of how cage molecules could transform synthesis and separation | Research | Chemistry World (behind paywall?)

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