Amazing stuff! Very recommendable!
We still do not know much about our oceans!
However, on a daily basis we are inundated with the demagoguery of the global warming hoax/climate change religion! The article below also repeats this demagoguery!
"“We know more about the surface of Mars and Venus than we do about the deep ocean.”
— JOHN DABIRI"
"... Older than the dinosaurs, older even than the rings encircling Saturn, jellyfish have been swimming Earth’s oceans for 550 million years, surviving drastic environmental changes relatively unscathed. ...
Jellyfish are perhaps a counterintuitive animal with which to study neuroscience, because the animals do not actually have a brain as we know it. Rather than being centralized in one part of its body, the jellyfish brain, which is composed of approximately 10,000 neurons, is diffused across the animal’s entire body like a net. The Anderson lab, which focuses on the neurobiology of emotion, decided to develop a jellyfish model for studying how behavior is coordinated in the absence of a centralized brain. ...
Additionally, the researchers found a remarkable degree of organization in the network of jellyfish neurons, which originally seemed diffuse and unstructured, and only became visible with their fluorescent system; as it turns out, Clytia’s neurons are arranged, surprisingly, in radial wedges, like slices of a pizza. ...
The ocean comprises 99 percent of Earth’s habitable volume and is home to at least 2 million marine species. Because the deep ocean is opaque to most of the electromagnetic spectrum, it is, in a way, invisible. But the processes in the deep ocean are critical to human survival on this planet; for example, the ocean acts as a reservoir to sequester carbon and prevent it from being released into the atmosphere and warming the planet. Yet, human understanding of these processes has been limited by our ability to access the ocean’s depths. Most of the data available are thus biased to a thin strip of its surface. ...
The jellyfish species Aurelia aurita has been discovered as deep as the Marianas Trench, nearly 7 miles under the surface. The Dabiri lab is currently developing tiny, lightweight devices that can be attached to these jellyfish, like a harness onto a horse, and that can steer the animals around the ocean while simultaneously making measurements of oceanic parameters such as oxygen levels and temperature. Being able to measure these parameters would be important to creating more accurate models and predictions of climate change.
The team has already shown that the devices can be attached to the animals and induce them to swim faster and more efficiently with no damage or stress to the jellies. The next step is to program the devices with artificial intelligence algorithms that will enable the small-scale apparatuses to autonomously steer the jellyfish through strong ocean currents to desired locations. ...
discovering the seemingly simple fact that the jellyfish Cassiopea sleeps, just like humans ...
Jellyfish are perhaps a counterintuitive animal with which to study neuroscience, because the animals do not actually have a brain as we know it. Rather than being centralized in one part of its body, the jellyfish brain, which is composed of approximately 10,000 neurons, is diffused across the animal’s entire body like a net. The Anderson lab, which focuses on the neurobiology of emotion, decided to develop a jellyfish model for studying how behavior is coordinated in the absence of a centralized brain. ...
Over 580 million years ago, while Earth was thawing from extensive glaciation, primitive nervous systems began to appear in animals. It was then that a sort of schism of evolution happened: on one side, the decentralized nervous systems of cnidarians like sea anemones, coral, and jellyfish, and on the other, essentially everything else, with a few exceptions.
The lack of a complex centralized brain, however, has not seemed to hinder jellyfish evolutionarily. Their unusual brains have myriad different abilities than ours; for example, their decentralized control of behavior enables a surgically removed jellyfish mouth to carry on “eating” autonomously without the rest of its body. ...Additionally, the researchers found a remarkable degree of organization in the network of jellyfish neurons, which originally seemed diffuse and unstructured, and only became visible with their fluorescent system; as it turns out, Clytia’s neurons are arranged, surprisingly, in radial wedges, like slices of a pizza. ...
The ocean comprises 99 percent of Earth’s habitable volume and is home to at least 2 million marine species. Because the deep ocean is opaque to most of the electromagnetic spectrum, it is, in a way, invisible. But the processes in the deep ocean are critical to human survival on this planet; for example, the ocean acts as a reservoir to sequester carbon and prevent it from being released into the atmosphere and warming the planet. Yet, human understanding of these processes has been limited by our ability to access the ocean’s depths. Most of the data available are thus biased to a thin strip of its surface. ...
The jellyfish species Aurelia aurita has been discovered as deep as the Marianas Trench, nearly 7 miles under the surface. The Dabiri lab is currently developing tiny, lightweight devices that can be attached to these jellyfish, like a harness onto a horse, and that can steer the animals around the ocean while simultaneously making measurements of oceanic parameters such as oxygen levels and temperature. Being able to measure these parameters would be important to creating more accurate models and predictions of climate change.
The team has already shown that the devices can be attached to the animals and induce them to swim faster and more efficiently with no damage or stress to the jellies. The next step is to program the devices with artificial intelligence algorithms that will enable the small-scale apparatuses to autonomously steer the jellyfish through strong ocean currents to desired locations. ...
discovering the seemingly simple fact that the jellyfish Cassiopea sleeps, just like humans ...
The team discovered that within the first two days after injury, an Aurelia ephyra would reorganize its existing arms to be symmetrical and evenly spaced around the animal’s disc-like body. This so-called symmetrization occurred regardless of whether the animal had as few as two limbs remaining or as many as seven; ultimately, the process was observed in three additional species of jellyfish ephyra.
... also observed another phenomenon while studying symmetrization: in some rare cases, the jellyfish would begin to regrow a missing arm. ..."Under certain conditions, Aurelia ephyra will regrow a missing arm
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