300 t Traglast, 600 Jahre alt: Größte Kogge der Welt im Öresund entdeckt

Sehr eindrucksvoll!

"... Meeresarchäologen haben im Öresund das bislang größte Exemplar einer mittelalterlichen Kogge entdeckt. Das Schiff mit dem Namen „Svælget 2“ stammt aus dem Jahr 1410 und markiert einen Wendepunkt in der maritimen Logistik. Mit einer Ladekapazität von 300 t ermöglichte dieser Schiffstyp erstmals den effizienten Transport von Massengütern. Der Fund liefert zudem erstmals archäologische Beweise für charakteristische Konstruktionsmerkmale wie die Bug- und Heckkastelle."

300 t Traglast, 600 Jahre alt: Größte Kogge der Welt im Öresund entdeckt "Archäologen entdecken im Öresund die weltgrößte Kogge von 1410. Mit 300 t Traglast zeigt der Fund die Logistik-Revolution des Mittelalters."

Seit über 600 Jahren lag die Svælget 2 am Grund des Öresund, nun haben Taucher sie eher zufällig entdeckt.

The Incredible Engineering of Venice

Very recommendable! What lies beneath!

Strange wall of a Stone Age megastructure found beneath Baltic Sea may have helped humans hunt reindeer

What lies beneath! Perhaps great, past, unknown civilizations can be found on the floor of our oceans!

More surprises from the Stone Age!

"During a research cruise to map an underwater ridge off the German coast in 2021, ... took acoustic scans of the bottom of the Baltic Sea. But something strange emerged from their images: A line of objects, 21 meters down, ran across the sea floor for nearly 1 kilometer. Most were between the size of a tennis ball and a soccer ball. Others were as large as small cars, up to 3 meters across. “We didn’t think it was likely to be of geologic origin, but that’s where our knowledge stopped,” says Geersen, a marine geologist at the Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research. ..."

From the significance and abstract:

"Significance

Structures from the Stone Age can provide unique insights into Late Glacial and Mesolithic cultures around the Baltic Sea. Such structures, however, usually did not survive within the densely populated Central European subcontinent. Here, we explore a Stone Age megastructure, that has preserved under water in the Western Baltic Sea. It was likely constructed by hunter–gatherer groups more than 10000 y ago and ultimately drowned during the Littorina transgression at 8500 y B.P. Since then, it remained hidden at the seafloor, leading to a pristine preservation that will inspire research on the lifestyle and territorial development in the larger area.

Abstract

The Baltic Sea basins, some of which only submerged in the mid-Holocene, preserve Stone Age structures that did not survive on land. Yet, the discovery of these features is challenging and requires cross-disciplinary approaches between archeology and marine geosciences. Here, we combine shipborne and autonomousunderwater vehicle hydroacoustic data with up to a centimeter range resolution, sedimentological samples, and optical images to explore a Stone Age megastructure located in 21 m water depth in the Bay of Mecklenburg, Germany. The structure is made of 1,673 individual stones which are usually less than 1 m in height, placed side by side over a distance of 971 m in a way that argues against a natural origin by glacial transport or ice push ridges. Running adjacent to the sunken shoreline of a paleolake (or bog), whose youngest phase was dated to 9,143 ±36 ka B.P., the stonewall was likely used for hunting the Eurasian reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) during the Younger Dryas or early Pre-Boreal. It was built by hunter–gatherer groups that roamed the region after the retreat of the Weichselian Ice Sheet. Comparable Stone Age megastructures have become known worldwide in recent times but are almost unknown in Europe. The site represents one of the oldest documented man-made hunting structures on Earth, and ranges among the largest known Stone Age structure in Europe. It will become important for understanding subsistence strategies, mobility patterns, and inspire discussions concerning the territorial development in the Western Baltic Sea region."

Strange wall of stones found beneath Baltic Sea may have helped humans hunt reindeer | Science | AAAS “Sensational” find shows people built structure 8500 years ago to herd animals to their death

Traces of Stone Age hunter-gatherers discovered in the Baltic Sea

A submerged Stone Age hunting architecture from the Western Baltic Sea (open access)

Graphic reconstruction of the hunting structure in a late glacial/early Holocene landscape, based on bathymetric data and an underwater 3D model of the recently discovered stonewall at the bottom of the Baltic Sea .

A Vast submerged Realm Off The Coast of Australia May Have Been Populated by 10,000s or people more than 18,000 years ago

Amazing stuff! Perhaps, some of the claims about the population are more speculative than based on facts.

Defeats easily all that frequent alarmism and hysteria about rising sea levels due to the Global Warming hoax and Climate Change religion.

"For much of the 65,000 years of Australia's human history, the now-submerged northwest continental shelf connected the Kimberley and western Arnhem Land. This vast, habitable realm covered nearly 390,000 square kilometres, an area one-and-a-half times larger than New Zealand is today. ...

There is plenty of archaeological evidence humans once lived on continental shelves – areas that are now submerged – all around the world. Such hard evidence has been retrieved from underwater sites in the North Sea, Baltic Sea and Mediterranean Sea, and along the coasts of North and South America, South Africa and Australia. ...

Around 18,000 years ago, the last ice age ended. Subsequent warming caused sea levels to rise and drown huge areas of the world's continents. This process split the supercontinent of Sahul into New Guinea and Australia, and cut Tasmania off from the mainland. ...

With descent into the last ice age, polar ice caps grew and sea levels dropped by up to 120 metres [meaning today's see levels are 120 meters higher]. This fully exposed the shelf for the first time in 100,000 years. ...

Our ecological modelling reveals the now-drowned Northwest Shelf could have supported between 50,000 and 500,000 people at various times over the last 65,000 years. The population would have peaked at the height of the last ice age about 20,000 years ago, when the entire shelf was dry land.

This finding is supported by new genetic research indicating large populations at this time, based on data from people living in the Tiwi Islands just to the east of the Northwest Shelf. ..."

"... Around 18,000 years ago, the last ice age ended. Subsequent warming caused sea levels to rise and drown huge areas of the world’s continents. This process split the supercontinent of Sahul into New Guinea and Australia, and cut Tasmania off from the mainland. ..."

From the highlights and abstract:

"Highlights

• MIS4 lowstand exposed a vast archipelago off the northwest coast of Sahul.

• The island environment likely enabled staged human dispersal from Wallacea to Sahul.

• The NW Shelf contained a mosaic of habitable fresh and saltwater environments.

• Modelling reveals the drowned shelf could have supported between 50,000 and 500,000 people.

• Retreat ahead of sea level rise drove increasing occupation and new rock art styles.

Abstract

For most of the period of human occupation of Sahul (the combined Pleistocene landmass of Australia and New Guinea), lower sea levels exposed an extensive area of the northwest of the Australian continent, connecting the Kimberley and Arnhem Land into one vast area. Our analysis of high-resolution bathymetric data shows this now-drowned region existed as an extensive archipelago in Marine Isotope Stage 4, transforming in Marine Isotope Stage 2 into a fully exposed shelf containing an inland sea adjacent to a large freshwater lake. These were encircled by deep gorges and escarpments that likely acted as important resource zones and refugia for human populations at that time. Demographic modelling shows the shelf had a fluctuating potential carrying capacity through Marine Isotope Stages 4–2, with the capability to support 50–500 k people at various times. Two periods of rapid global sea level rise at 14.5–14.1 ka (Meltwater Pulse 1A), and between 12 ka and 9 ka, resulted in the rapid drowning of ∼50% of the Northwest Shelf. This likely caused a retreat of human populations, registering as peaks in occupational intensity at archaeological sites. We contend that the presence of an extensive archipelago on the Northwest Shelf in Marine Isotope Stage 4 facilitated the successful dispersal of the first maritime explorers from Wallacea, creating a familiar environment for their maritime economies to adapt to the vast terrestrial continent of Sahul."

A Vast Realm Off The Coast of Australia May Have Been Populated by Millions : ScienceAlert

People once lived in a vast region in north-western Australia – and it had an inland sea

Sea level rise drowned a vast habitable area of north-western Australia driving long-term cultural change (open access)

Fig. 1. Map of Sahul showing the extent of the now-submerged continental shelf (dark grey), with the area of the Northwest Shelf demarcated by a dashed black box, and the present-day distribution of the Köppen climate groups (seasonal precipitation and temperature) showing the extent of modern-day Australia and New Guinea.