Showing posts with label American Revolution. Show all posts
Showing posts with label American Revolution. Show all posts

Friday, August 07, 2026

How Scottish Dissent Built American Liberty

Recommendable, but a long essay! How religion influenced classical liberalism!

"June is the usual month for the convening of Presbyterian assemblies, but the jewel in the crown of Presbyterian reforms, replacing bishops with lengthy committee meetings, seems less impressive today than it did in 1560 when the Scots held their first General Assembly. In fact, the June assemblies have genuine significance for the history of the Americans, which can be seen in two national holidays separated by forty-eight hours.
Canada went first on July 1 with Canada Day.
America followed with the Fourth of July. ...

The case of Presbyterians in the United States is easier because of the familiar trope that the American Revolution was a “Presbyterian rebellion.” King George III used that phrase to complain about both Presbyterians and revolution, but it was a widely accepted way to make sense of American independence. George III was echoing James VI/I who had declared roughly 170 years prior, “No bishop, no king,” in response to Presbyterian efforts to reform the Church of Scotland. ...

Presbyterian church government, by challenging the rule of bishops, led inevitably to the repudiation of the monarchy. Presbyterians’ long history of complaining (from at least 1560 to 1690) partly explains the British interpretation of the American Revolution as a Presbyterian rebellion. ...

That description actually fails to capture the work of Presbyterian clerics in the American Founding. John Witherspoon, a Scottish Presbyterian who came to America in 1768 to lead the College of New Jersey (later Princeton University), was a political moderate who saw political independence as a means to preserve the advantages colonists already enjoyed. Some Scots brought to the colonies convictions forged by the likes of John Knox or Samuel Rutherford. Witherspoon’s politics ran instead in grooves cut by Scottish philosophers like Francis Hutcheson and Thomas Reid.  ..."

How Scottish Dissent Built American Liberty – D. G. Hart

Tuesday, August 04, 2026

The Constitution's Forgotten Economic Tradeoffs relative to the The Articles of Confederation

Recommendable!

The Constitution's Forgotten Economic Tradeoffs | The Daily Economy "The Articles of Confederation are often remembered as a failure. But their limits on taxing and commercial power offered greater protection for economic freedom than the Constitution that replaced them."

Wednesday, May 06, 2026

The 'First Salute' exhibition explores how Jews in the Caribbean helped to shape the American Revolution

Recommendable!

"In November 1776, a small Caribbean island fired a cannon at an American ship — and in doing so, made history. The exchange, known as the “First Salute,” marked the first international recognition of the United States. Now, a new exhibition at the Weitzman National Museum of American Jewish History in Philadelphia is bringing that moment, and the often-overlooked role of Jewish merchants and Caribbean trade networks in the American Revolution, back into view. 

The exhibition, “The First Salute,” which will run until April 2027, traces how the American fight for independence extended far beyond the colonies, relying on global trade networks and unlikely allies. Drawing on newly displayed artifacts — from a 250-year-old cannon recovered from St. Eustatius to letters tied to the movement of revolutionary supplies — it tells the story of how Jewish merchants, many with ties across the Atlantic, helped funnel goods, information, and support to the Patriot cause. ...

At the center of that network was the small Caribbean island of St. Eustatius, then one of the busiest ports in the Atlantic. By the late 18th century, its harbor had become a critical waypoint for goods moving between Europe, the Caribbean, South America, and the American colonies, including weapons and gunpowder, often disguised as ordinary trade goods, that the Continental Army desperately needed.

Because Jews had often been pushed into finance, trade, and mercantile work in Europe ... they developed the Atlantic-world connections that later made them valuable to the Patriot cause. By the time revolutionaries needed weapons, gunpowder, and supplies, “history placed Jews exactly in the right places, with the right skills, the right connections.”

Jewish merchants, who made up 30% of the European population on St. Eustatius at the time, played an outsized role in that system. Many had roots in the Iberian Peninsula, having fled persecution in Spain and Portugal during the Spanish Inquisition, and later built extensive commercial ties across the Atlantic. As a Dutch colony, St. Eustatius offered Jews more religious freedom than in most of Europe. The population grew, and by 1739 had become established enough to build a synagogue, Honen Dalim. By the time of the Revolution, that community was deeply embedded in the commercial networks that made St. Eustatius so valuable to the American cause. ..."

"... For centuries, the story of how a small community of Jews living in America and on a tiny Caribbean island helped tip the scales of the Revolutionary War was largely forgotten — it’s the story of swashbuckling, patriot Jewish pirates who smuggled gunpowder into America.

The Jewish merchants on the lush, windswept island of St. Eustatius, who supplied Washington’s army with the critical contraband, were members of the first international entity to recognize the United States. Their allegiance to the American cause cost them dearly. Targeted for abuse by the British, they were stripped of their homes and wealth, torn from their families and exiled, and had their graves plundered. ..."

The 'First Salute' explores how Jews shaped the American Revolution "The "First Salute" exhibit reveals how Jewish merchants helped fuel the American Revolution and secure its first international recognition."

The First Salute exhibition "The First Salute: An Untold Story of the American Revolution is the first-ever major museum exhibition to explore the little-known story of a small group of Jewish merchants in the Caribbean whose outsized contributions to the cause of American Liberty tipped the scales in the fight for American Independence."

Monday, December 08, 2025

Native Land and the American Revolution on the Frontier by Ken Burns

Recommendable with reservations! As usual the ideological Noble Savage view oozes throughout this video.
History has rarely been kind to loosers anywhere in the world!
The Native Americans were stupid to brutally attack the settlers given their inferior weapons and thereby giving the Americans an excuse to punish them! Their alliance with the British was also not very smart!
North America was large enough for Native Americans and Americans to live side by side.
Irrespective, the American Natives suffered horrible violence, massacres and so on in following decades, century. Don't get me wrong, I have great respect for the Native Americans.

Colonial America: Why Do Americans Speak English? | PragerU

PragerU forgot to list German as a possible language in early America!

Did not the Hessian mercenaries desert in significant numbers to join the American Revolution? Were not Germans plentiful among the first settlers and immigrants?

Caution: satire!

Caveat: I did not yet watch this video.

"The Spanish got to the New World first. The French built the biggest forts. The Indians knew the land best. So how did the English come to dominate North America?  ..."

Colonial America: Why Do Americans Speak English? | PragerU