Origins of the Jews of Scotland with Henry Abramson

Amazing stuff!

Origins of the Jews of Scotland - YouTube

Scotland's Intellectual Triumph – The Scottish Enlightenment

Recommendable!

The year 1776 is not only famous for the US Declaration of Independence but also for the publication of Scottish author Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations.

Scotland's Intellectual Triumph – Samuel Gregg

How Scottish Dissent Built American Liberty

Recommendable, but a long essay! How religion influenced classical liberalism!

"June is the usual month for the convening of Presbyterian assemblies, but the jewel in the crown of Presbyterian reforms, replacing bishops with lengthy committee meetings, seems less impressive today than it did in 1560 when the Scots held their first General Assembly. In fact, the June assemblies have genuine significance for the history of the Americans, which can be seen in two national holidays separated by forty-eight hours.

Canada went first on July 1 with Canada Day.

America followed with the Fourth of July. ...

The case of Presbyterians in the United States is easier because of the familiar trope that the American Revolution was a “Presbyterian rebellion.” King George III used that phrase to complain about both Presbyterians and revolution, but it was a widely accepted way to make sense of American independence. George III was echoing James VI/I who had declared roughly 170 years prior, “No bishop, no king,” in response to Presbyterian efforts to reform the Church of Scotland. ...

Presbyterian church government, by challenging the rule of bishops, led inevitably to the repudiation of the monarchy. Presbyterians’ long history of complaining (from at least 1560 to 1690) partly explains the British interpretation of the American Revolution as a Presbyterian rebellion. ...

That description actually fails to capture the work of Presbyterian clerics in the American Founding. John Witherspoon, a Scottish Presbyterian who came to America in 1768 to lead the College of New Jersey (later Princeton University), was a political moderate who saw political independence as a means to preserve the advantages colonists already enjoyed. Some Scots brought to the colonies convictions forged by the likes of John Knox or Samuel Rutherford. Witherspoon’s politics ran instead in grooves cut by Scottish philosophers like Francis Hutcheson and Thomas Reid.  ..."

How Scottish Dissent Built American Liberty – D. G. Hart

Two other reasons why 1776 is a true annus mirabilis for humanity besides the Declaration of Independence

In two days, we will celebrate that in one of the very rare historical moments a group of great minds got together to write and publish the Declaration of Independence.

In 1776, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith (Scottish Enlightenment) was published.

In 1776, the Scottish inventor James Watt, who drastically improved the steam engine to become useful and triggered the Industrial Revolution.

After that Western civilization ascended and accelerated in a historical unprecedented way!

The rest as they say is history!

The most important thing to happen in 1776 (recommendable)

Rapist transferred into a female prison in Scotland as a transgender woman

Very recently, I learnt about this case. This case also raises the question how many male prisoners undergo sex change in prison at what cost to the taxpayer?

As a female prisoner, how would you feel about the prospect that a male rapist comes to your prison? What a wonderful world!

This is not a new story! Dates back to 2023.

According to Wikipedia "A Freedom of Information request by The Times reported that, in October 2022, there were a total of 19 transgender prisoners in Scotland, 12 of whom began transitioning while in prison."

"... Bryson made the decision to transition from a man to a woman while awaiting trial ...

Bryson, 31, was initially remanded to a women's jail after being found guilty, but was then moved to a men's facility. ...

The case ultimately led to an urgent review and a change in policy which will see all newly-convicted or remanded transgender prisoners initially placed in jails according to their birth sex. ..."

Isla Bryson case - Wikipedia (This Wikipedia article seems to be lousy!)

Isla Bryson: Transgender rapist jailed for eight years "A double rapist who changed gender while waiting to stand trial has been jailed for eight years."

Scientists pinpoint the brain's internal distance tracker or pedometer

Amazing stuff!

"Scientists have for the first time located the "mileage clock" inside a brain - by recording the brain activity of running rats.

Letting them loose inside a small, rat-sized arena, the researchers recorded from a part of their brains that is known to be important in navigation and memory.

They found that cells there "fired" in a pattern that looked like a mileage clock - ticking with every few steps the animal travelled.

A further experiment, where human volunteers walked through a scaled up version of this rat navigation test, suggested that the human brain has the same clock. ..."

"... Previous studies have shown that some of these cells have very regular peaks of activity, approximately every 30cm, like a neural pedometer. ... researchers then changed the task environment so that the peaks of activity were less regular and found that the rats’ ability to estimate distance got worse. ..."

"In new research ... trained rats to run a specific distance to get a reward. They then recorded from individual cells in the brain’s navigation system as the rats performed the task. Previous studies have shown that some of these cells have very regular peaks of activity, approximately every 30cm, like a neural pedometer. St ... researchers then changed the task environment so that the peaks of activity were less regular and found that the rats’ ability to estimate distance got worse. ...

The measurements were recorded in the brain’s entorhinal cortex. This is one of the very first areas of the brain to be damaged in Alzheimer’s disease. This means that the distance estimation task that relies on the neural pedometer might be a useful tool for early diagnosis. ..."

From the abstract:

"Highlights

•

Distance estimation is impaired in trapezoids, but not rectangles, in rats and humans

•

Grid cell symmetry is distorted in trapezoidal, but not rectangular, environments

•

Grid cell distortion is correlated with distance estimation error

•

Experience of a trapezoid distorts grid cell symmetry in future experiences

Summary

Grid cells within the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) exhibit a regular hexagonal pattern of firing fields, which has been hypothesized to provide a universal spatial metric, supporting spatial memory and navigation. This could be used to support a cognitive map, our internal representation of external space, and consistent with this, disruption of the MEC impairs spatial memory and place cell anchoring to external visual cues. However, the highly regular and repetitive nature of the firing fields in grid cells is also ideally suited to support path integration.

Indeed, genetic silencing of stellate cells in MEC results in impaired distance estimation, supporting the MEC’s role in path integration. 

However, few studies have examined the role of grid cell firing during active navigation.

Several studies have reported that manipulation of environmental cues, recent experience, and reward location distort the grid signal, but most relevant here is that the grid signal distorts in polarizing environments, such as trapezoids.

If grid cells support distance estimation and path integration, then disruption of the grid regularity, such as that seen in polarized environments, should impair these processes.

Here, we report that both rats and humans have impaired distance estimation in polarized environments. Grid regularity was again reported to be distorted in polarized environments, and this was correlated with impaired distance estimation in rats. Grid regularity was also distorted by recent experience. These findings are consistent with grid cells supporting distance estimation in navigation."

Scientists pinpoint the brain's internal mileage clock - BBC News

Study reveals brain’s built-in distance tracker (original news release)

Grid cell distortion is associated with increased distance estimation error in polarized environments

Figure 1 Rats and humans overestimate distance traveled in the trapezoid-shaped environment

Eurythmics, Annie Lennox, Dave Stewart - Would I Lie to You? (Official Video)

Enjoy!

Scientists Shine a near-infrared Laser Through a Human Head

Amazing stuff!

"The first step toward an inexpensive new medical imager was proving that near-infrared photons can fly all the way through your head. It was a comically difficult experiment. ..."

"... Optical brain imaging primarily uses near-infrared light, to which human tissue is relatively transparent. But human heads are so good at blocking even those wavelengths that ... only a billionth of a billionth of all near-infrared photons make it through an entire adult human head from one side to the other. ...

the difficult trade-off of expensive, deeper-penetrating imaging equipment versus cheaper but shallower sensors is starting to break down. ..."

From the abstract:

"Significance

The highly scattering nature of near-infrared light in human tissue makes it challenging to collect photons using source-detector separations larger than several centimeters. The limits of detectability of light transmitted through the head remain unknown. Detecting photons in the extreme case through an entire adult head explores the limits of photon transport in the brain.

Aim

We explore the physical limits of photon transport in the head in the extreme case wherein the source and detector are diametrically opposite.

Approach

Simulations uncover possible migration pathways of photons from source to detector. We compare simulations with time-resolved photon counting experiments that measure pulsed light transmitted through the head.

Results

We observe good agreement between the peak delay time and width of the time-correlated histograms in experiments and simulations. Analysis of the photon migration pathways indicates sensitivity to regions of the brain well beyond accepted limits. Source repositioning can isolate sensitivity to targeted regions of the brain, including under the cerebrum.

Conclusions

We overcome attenuation of ∼1018 and detect photons transmitted through an entire adult human head for a subject with fair skin and no hair. Photons measured in this regime explore regions of the brain currently inaccessible with noninvasive optical brain imaging."

Affordable Optical Brain Imaging Advances - IEEE Spectrum "It’s the first step toward an inexpensive new medical imager"

Photon transport through the entire adult human head (open access)

Fig. 2

Experimental results.

(a) The experimental configuration used in laboratory experiments—an ultrafast pulsed laser (1.2 W power, 800 nm wavelength, 140 fs pulse duration, 80 MHz repetition rate) is expanded to a uniformly distributed 1 in. diameter circle and projected against the side of the head. Diametrically opposite the source, a PMT is synchronized to the laser trigger such that a histogram of photon ToF can be measured using TCSPC.

(b) The normalized simulated ToF (black dashed) and the mean of 15 experimental trials (2 min exposure) on day 1 (blue) and day 2 (red). The uncertainty bands indicate the standard error of the mean at each time stamp. The IRF (black) with the peak centered at time = 0 ns is shown for comparison. The start time of all time traces are aligned to the peak of the IRF.

(c) The mean of the background-subtracted counts (black) of day 1 data in each timebin for 15 2-min exposures. The filtered mean counts for each timebin using a Savitzky–Golay filter (window = 251, order = 3). The normalized IRF is shown in red for comparison.

Inside Trump’s Million-Dollar Golf Diplomacy in Scotland with Palki Sharma

Recommendable!

Designer Microbes (E. coli) Make Painkillers (paracetamol) from Plastic Waste like PET

Good news! Amazing stuff! Bacteria can do it all! Next time you pop a painkiller ... 😊

Alert: Plastophobia is a serious disorder. Please seek immediate medical help! (Caution: satire)

"... For the past decade, ... a synthetic biologist at the University of Edinburgh, has been working on engineering microbes to produce diverse chemicals from sustainable sources. He has created bacterial factories that pump out nylon precursors using paper waste and vanilla flavor compounds from discarded plastic. Now, ... his team have designed bacteria that convert plastic waste into the widely used analgesic paracetamol.3 Published in Nature Chemistry, the technique has a negligible carbon footprint and introduces a new potential use for recycled plastic. ..."

"... A team of scientists ... used genetically reprogrammed E. coli, a harmless bacterium, to transform a molecule derived from PET known as terephthalic acid into the active ingredient of paracetamol. Researchers used a fermentation process, similar to the one used in brewing beer, to accelerate the conversion from industrial PET waste into paracetamol in less than 24 hours. The new technique was carried out at room temperature and created virtually no carbon emissions, proving that paracetamol can be produced sustainably. Further development is needed before it can be produced at commercial levels, the team says. Some 90 per cent of the product made from reacting terephthalic acid with genetically reprogrammed E. coli was paracetamol. ..."

From the abstract:

"Nature has evolved an exquisite yet limited set of chemical reactions that underpin the function of all living organisms. By contrast, the field of synthetic organic chemistry can access reactivity not observed in nature, and integration of these abiotic reactions within living systems offers an elegant solution to the sustainable synthesis of many industrial chemicals from renewable feedstocks.

Here we report a biocompatible Lossen rearrangement that is catalysed by phosphate in the bacterium Escherichia coli for the transformation of activated acyl hydroxamates to primary amine-containing metabolites in living cells.

Through auxotroph rescue, we demonstrate how this new-to-nature reaction can be used to control microbial growth and chemistry by generating the essential metabolite para-aminobenzoic acid.

The Lossen rearrangement substrate can also be synthesized from polyethylene terephthalate and applied to whole-cell biocatalytic reactions and fermentations generating industrial small molecules (including the drug paracetamol), paving the way for a general strategy to bioremediate and upcycle plastic waste in native and engineered biological systems."

Designer Microbes Make Painkillers from Plastic Waste | The Scientist "Engineered bacteria turned recycled plastic into paracetamol, a common analgesic, offering a fossil-free route to pharmaceuticals."

Microbes transform plastic waste into paracetamol (original news release) "Paracetamol production could be revolutionised by the discovery that a common bacterium can turn everyday plastic waste into the painkiller, a study reveals."

Everyday painkiller made from plastic — by E. coli "Study highlights potential for sustainable synthesis of paracetamol."

A biocompatible Lossen rearrangement in Escherichia coli (open access)

Graphical abstract

Fig. 1: Aniline synthesis from carboxylic acids in vitro and in vivo.

Fig. 3: Substrate synthesis from PET plastic waste for bioremediation.

Were Poland's first ruling dynasty actually from Scotland?

I think this a great combination!

"For two centuries, scholars have sparred over the roots of the Piasts, Poland’s first documented royal house, who reigned from the 10th to the 14th centuries.

Were they local Slavic nobles, Moravian exiles, or warriors from Scandinavia?

Since 2023, a series of genetic and environmental studies led by molecular biologist Marek Figlerowicz at the Poznań University of Technology has delivered a stream of direct evidence about these enigmatic rulers, bringing the debate onto firmer ground.

Digging up the dynasty

Field teams have now opened more than a dozen crypts from the Piast era. The largest single haul came from Płock Cathedral in what is now central Poland.

The exhumed bones were dated between 1100 and 1495, matching written records. Genetic analysis showed several individuals were close relatives.

“There is no doubt we are dealing with genuine Piasts,” Figlerowicz told a May 2025 conference.

The Poznań group isolated readable DNA from 33 individuals (30 men and three women) believed to span the dynasty’s full timeline.

Surprise on the Y chromosome

The male skeletons almost all carry a single, rare group of genetic variants on the Y chromosome (which is only carried and passed down by males). This group is today found mainly in Britain. The closest known match belongs to a Pict buried in eastern Scotland in the 5th or 6th century. ...

For example, Świętosława (the sister of the first Piast king, Bolesław the Brave), married the kings of both Denmark and Sweden, and her descendants ruled England for a time. The networks of Europe’s nobility were highly mobile. ..."

Were Poland's first rulers actually from Scotland?

We are related to the Picts. New genetic findings "The Piasts may have been related to the Picts, ancestors of the Scots; it is not known when they arrived in the territory of modern Poland. New findings on the genetic genealogy of the Piasts were presented in Poznań."

Scottish scientists 3D-print soft robot that walks out of the printer

Is this a glimpse at the future of robotics? 😊

"While there are many potential uses for soft-bodied robots, the things are still typically only built in small experimental batches. Scottish scientists are out to change that, with a mass-production-capable soft bot that is 3D-printed in a single piece which then walks off of the print bed. ..."

"... Once printed, the palm-sized devices are connected to a compressed air supply before walking out of the machine on which they were made. ...

Building and operating the new system – known as the Flex Printer – requires little prior knowledge, with first-time users able to assemble it and begin making robots in just a few days, the team says. 

They have made their designs publicly available to broaden access to soft robotic technologies and to help foster collaboration and improvements to the system.  ..."

"The bigger picture

Soft robotics holds transformative potential for healthcare, manufacturing, and human-machine interactions, but progress in research and toward reaching commercial goals is limited by the lack of standardized, scalable fabrication methods. Our open-source flex printer platform addresses this gap, enabling rapid, reliable production of ultra-flexible soft robots with embedded fluidic logic. ... We demonstrate the capability of this technique by showcasing a fully 3D-printed soft robot, which has a bill of materials of 1 and embedded/embodied control and can walk out of the machine that made it.

Highlights

• Introduces flex printer: a low-cost, open-source platform for making soft robots

• Upside-down printing expands shapes and lets robots walk off the bed after printing ...

Summary

Soft machines are poised to deliver significant real-world impact, with soft robotics emerging as a key sub-discipline. ... Here, we present the flex printer, an open-source, low-cost platform that reliably prints ultra-flexible soft robots with embedded fluidic logic using an innovative upside-down orientation, greatly expanding printable geometries. This approach enables robots to autonomously walk off the print bed immediately after fabrication, marking a significant advance in the field. ... Through our open-source approach, we aim to lower technical and financial barriers. ..."

Scottish scientists 3D-print soft robot that walks out of the printer

World first soft robots walk off machine that makes them (original news release) "Scientists have created the first soft robots that can walk straight out of the machines that make them."

A standardized platform for translational advances in fluidic soft systems (open access)

Graphical abstract

Single-photon LiDAR delivers detailed 3D images at distances up to 1 kilometer and eye-safe and allowing accurate face recognition up to 300 meters or more

Amazing stuff! This could be a breakthrough!

"Researchers have designed a single-photon time-of-flight LiDAR system that can acquire a high-resolution 3D image of an object or scene up to 1 kilometer away. The new system could help enhance security, monitoring, and remote sensing by enabling detailed imaging even in challenging environmental conditions or when objects are obscured by foliage or camouflage netting. ..."

"Scientists have developed a detection system that could vastly improve the accuracy of human facial and activity recognition at long distances and through obstructions like fog, smoke or camouflage.

The researchers say their sensitive light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system can generate high-resolution three-dimensional images with double the efficiency of similar LiDAR systems being developed by other research groups, and at least 10 times better image resolution.

At 325 metres – the length of around three soccer pitches – researchers were able to 3D image the face of one of their co-authors in millimetre-scale detail. ..."

From the abstract:

"Single-photon time-of-flight light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is a versatile technique for the measurement of absolute distances and for depth profiling. It has a wide variety of applications (e.g., land surveying, autonomous car navigation, underwater imaging) with the potential to achieve high-resolution three-dimensional images over long ranges when the key components of the measurement system are of a suitably high specification.

In this work, a novel, high-efficiency, and low timing jitter superconducting nanowire single-photon detector, in conjunction with a custom single-pixel scanning transceiver system, and the time-correlated single-photon counting technique, enable the acquisition of millimeter-scale resolution depth images of scenes at standoff distances of hundreds of meters. A 1550 nm wavelength fiber laser was coupled to the monostatic transceiver to provide the illumination.

The system was eye-safe with the maximum average optical output power being 

 for measurements of a scene at a standoff distance of 1 km.

The overall system instrumental response was approximately 13 ps full width half maximum. This enabled 1 mm depth features on a reference board and a human head to be clearly resolved when measured by the system in broad daylight at standoff distances of 45 and 325 m using per-pixel acquisition times of between 0.25 and 1 ms.

These high-resolution results demonstrate the enormous potential of such a system to acquire detailed depth and intensity images of scenes from long distances in daylight or darkness conditions. This could lead to step change improvements in applications such as facial and human activity recognition and the imaging of scenes through clutter and atmospheric obscurants."

Single-photon LiDAR delivers detailed 3D images at distances up to 1 kilometer

3D imaging breakthrough could mean step change for security and defence applications (original news release)

High-resolution long-distance depth imaging LiDAR with ultra-low timing jitter superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (open access)

Fig. 1. (a) Schematic diagram of the time-of-flight based depth imaging system. The fiber laser illumination source and the single-photon detector (SNSPD) are fiber-coupled to the transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) channels, respectively, of the custom-designed monostatic single-pixel scanning transceiver.

Fig. 4. Depth and intensity measurement of one of the co-authors (GGT) acquired in daylight at a standoff distance of 45 m using a per-pixel acquisition time of 1 ms and an average optical output power of approximately 200 µW illuminating each pixel.

The Scientist Who Inspired Einstein - James Clerk Maxwell

Very recommendable!

When Scottish Sages of the Scottish Enlightenment Christened "Liberal"

Recommendable! 

Friedrich von Hayek (1899-1992) was right about the term (classical) liberalism was coined in Scotland! 

So was Joseph Schumpeter (1883-1950), who once said the enemies of liberalism would appropriate the term for themselves like the socialists did.

"... But the “liberal” christening was really kicked off by William Robertson in 1769, and in 1776, Adam Smith went all-in, in The Wealth of Nations. The political meaning was, essentially, a policy posture, premised on a stable, functional system of governmental authority. The policy posture is one of leaving people be, of “allowing every man to pursue his own interest his own way,” within the bounds of commutative justice. ...

in the words of J. A. Schumpeter, “as a supreme but unintended compliment, the enemies of the system of private enterprise have thought it wise to appropriate the label.” .."

From the abstract:

"The data from text digitization show that “liberal” acquired a sustained political signification for the first time around 1769: the liberal policy principles of Adam Smith and his associates. The bodies of evidence include:

(1) the non-occurrence in English prior to 1769 (with a few exceptions);

(2) the blossoming from 1769 of “liberal plan,” “liberal system,” “liberal principles,” “liberal policy,” etc.;

(3) the occurrence beginning in the 1770s of political uses of “liberal” in Parliament;

(4) the occurrence of the same in the Edinburgh Review, 1802 – 1824. The political adjective liberal came alive around 1769 and was sustained straight up to when the political nouns liberalism and liberal start up in the 1820s. The data from French, German, Italian, and Spanish confirm that Britain was the first to get to a political sense of “liberal.” Key authors are sampled."

When Scottish Sages Christened "Liberal" – Daniel Klein

“Liberal” as a Political Adjective (in English), 1769 – 1824

Scientists 'shocked' at new Stonehenge discovery, big and 6 tons heavy altar stone is from Scotland or from about 750 km away

Amazing stuff! 5,000 years ago!

BBC report forgot to mention the distance!

How Scotland’s new wild sauna culture is taking off

Funny! Small saunas on the beach! The Scots are special! 😊

Scotland announces new 45% income tax band for high earners and 48% on top earners. Really!

Confiscatory taxation is as stupid as it gets! History is littered with examples where this approach failed! 

Adam Smith is wildly spinning in his grave! A long time ago there was a Scottish Enlightenment!

"... The Scottish government has raised income tax rates for higher earners, widening the gap between what is paid by better-off Scots and by their counterparts in the rest of the UK.

Shona Robison, the ruling Scottish National Party’s finance secretary, on Tuesday used tax raising powers handed to the Holyrood government in 2016 to announce a new 45 per cent income tax band for people earning between £75,000 and £125,140 a year.

The top rate of tax paid by those earning above £125,140 will also rise from 47 per cent to 48 per cent from April 2024. A 42 per cent rate will remain in place for those earning between £43,633 and £75,000 — and the £43,633 threshold will be frozen. ..."

Scotland announces new 45% income tax band for high earners

Unbreakable material nearly as hard as diamond, with high energy density

Amazing stuff! A possible breakthrough! 

"... a breakthrough, synthesizing carbon and nitrogen precursors to create carbon nitrides, which are tougher than cubic boron nitride – currently the second hardest material behind diamond. ...

While scientists recognized the potential of carbon nitrides back in the 1980s, including their high heat resistance, creating them was another story. In fact, no credible studies into their synthesis have been produced – until now. ..."

"... The breakthrough opens doors for multifunctional materials to be used for industrial purposes including protective coatings for cars and spaceships, high-endurance cutting tools, solar panels and photodetectors, experts say. ...

The team subjected various forms of carbon nitrogen precursors to pressures of between 70 and 135 gigapascals – around one million times our atmospheric pressure – while heating it to temperatures of more than one and a half thousand degrees celsius.  

To identify the atomic arrangement of the compounds under these conditions, the samples were illuminated by an intense X-ray beam at three particle accelerators – the European Synchrotron Research Facility in France, the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron in Germany and the Advanced Photon Source based in the United States. ..."

From the abstract:

"Carbon nitrides featuring three-dimensional frameworks of CN4 tetrahedra are one of the great aspirations of materials science, expected to have a hardness greater than or comparable to diamond. After more than three decades of efforts to synthesize them, no unambiguous evidence of their existence has been delivered. Here, the high-pressure high-temperature synthesis of three carbon-nitrogen compounds, tI14-C3N4, hP126-C3N4, and tI24-CN2, in laser-heated diamond anvil cells, is reported. Their structures are solved and refined using synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Physical properties investigations show that these strongly covalently bonded materials, ultra-incompressible and superhard, also possess high energy density, piezoelectric, and photoluminescence properties. The novel carbon nitrides are unique among high-pressure materials, as being produced above 100 GPa they are recoverable in air at ambient conditions."

Unbreakable material nearly as hard as diamond, with high energy density It’s taken more than three decades, but scientists believe they have created a material that’s almost impossible to break and could rival diamond as the hardest substance on the planet.

Ultra-hard material to rival diamond discovered Scientists have solved a decades-long puzzle and unveiled a near unbreakable substance that could rival diamond, as the hardest material on earth, a study says.

Synthesis of Ultra-Incompressible and Recoverable Carbon Nitrides Featuring CN4 Tetrahedra (open access)

Crystal structures of tI14-C3N4 and hP126-C3N4 at 124 GPa.

Scotland to Allow Transgender Criminals in Female Prisons to 'Affirm' Identity

What are these skirt wearing Scottish men up to these days! (just kidding)

Even Scotland of all places gets infected with this gender ideology!

"Transgender criminals should be “provided the opportunity and supported to work towards” serving their prison sentence in a jail that “aligns with their affirmed gender,” the Scottish Prison Service (SPS) said according to the Scottish Daily Express. ..."

Scotland to Allow Trans Criminals in Female Prisons to 'Affirm' Identity The Scottish Prison Service has issued guidance saying that biological males who identify as women, including some with a history of violence against women, should be placed in female-only jails in order to allow them to spend time around people of their “affirmed gender”.